Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Hamilcar commanded the Carthaginian land forces in Sicily from 247BC to 241BC, during the latter stages of the First Punic War. Hamilcar had been undefeated and was forced to make peace. [64] In response, Hamilcar began to harass the rebel supply lines and soon the rebels were placed in a state of siege. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Hamilcar Barca (d. 229/8 B.C.) Media in category "Hamilcar Barca". Browse 50 hamilcar barca stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. The expelled mercenaries took refuge in Italy and again requested Rome to take over Sardinia. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. Hamilcar killed his prisoners and announced a policy of equal measure toward future rebel prisoners, thus ending any chance of desertion from the rebel army and the truceless war began in earnest. Discussion Starter. Hamilcar raised an army of 10,000 with Romes cooperation and battled the rebels for four years before recapturing his provinces in north Africa. Hamilcar Barca, vel Barcas ( Punice , a barak, 'fulgur') (natus 270 a.C.n. When his army marched toward the city of Rome, he was unable to conquer the city because his army lacked the siege equipment and reinforcement necessary to take it. The rebel loss was 8,000 dead with 4,000 captured. After weeks of maneuvering, Hamilcar finally managed to trap about 40,000 rebels in a valley surrounded on three sides by mountains.[66]. This army was small for leading a sortie against the stronger rebel forces, especially to lead into a pitched battle. [1], The cognomen or epithet BRQ () means "thunderbolt" or "shining". America's Black dilemma [Barca, Hamilcar] on Amazon.com. To preempt the danger he issued a challenge in front of the city for single combat between him and the Skaven horde. Hamilcar Barca was blamed by the Carthaginian Leaders for causing the Mercenary War by making unrealistic promises to his soldiers, especially the Celts, during his command in Sicily. His alliance with Hasdrubal the Fair, who would become his son in law, allowed . luminat) i no era un nom familiar sin un renom personal, encara que a la seva famlia se la distingeix desprs amb el nom dels Barca o Barcins. Hasdrubal the Fair then took over command of the Carthaginian army. According to Appian, Hamilcar was thrown from his horse and drowned in a river,[116] but Polybius says he fell in battle in an unknown corner of Iberia against an unnamed tribe. Quoting Tony Bath, "The Barca family, which originally came from Cyrene, was a powerful one but not at that time among the first families of Carthage". Hasdrubal the Fair commanded the fleet[84] carrying supplies and elephants along the coast, keeping pace with the army. 68, 69, Punica Barcino, Goldsworthy, Adrian, The Fall of Carthage, pp95, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hamilcar_Barca&oldid=1118409183, Carthaginian commanders of the First Punic War, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with German-language sources (de), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. There is no clear record of the political activity in Carthage at this time. Neither side would seek to recruit soldiers, levy tribute or build public buildings on the other power's territories. Thank you! The coin presented does not appear to favor the features of either. [110] Massalia, probably alarmed by the Carthaginian advance towards their area of influence, mentioned this expansion to the Romans, who decided to investigate the matter. If evidence in the urban structure of Castelo Branco and the city walls with their arches confirms its Carthaginian . Hamilcar commanded the Carthaginian land forces in Sicily from 247 BC to 241 BC, during the latter stages of the First Punic War. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Italy. In expanding his power to the European continent, Hamilcar reinvigorated the Carthaginian empire, regained needed resources, and prepared a base for renewing war against Rome, which his son Hannibal would famously do in the Second Punic War. [59] The modern historian Dexter Hoyos stresses that "[s]uch manoeuvres were about the simplest that any army could learn, once it mastered the absolute basics of marching in formation". Some Rights Reserved (2009-2023) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Hamilcar was a Carthaginian commander whose greatest achievement was winning the Battle of Drepanum in 249 BC during the First Punic War. He is of average height for a gladiator, has tawny skin, and well-trimmed black hair with a small beard. However, if Hamilcar had hoped to recapture Panormus, he failed in his strategy. Hamilcar was appointed commander in chief in Sicily in 247 BC, when, after 18 years of fighting, the Carthaginian forces were at their lowest. First Punic War. Hanno marshaled his soldiers, but twice failed to engage the rebels under favorable conditions and twice failed to surprise them on other occasions. The war started to improve for Carthage when they were aided by Rome, who repatriated captured Carthaginian soldiers for free, and the tyrant of Syracuse Hiero, who feared that without Carthage then Rome might act at will in the central Mediterranean. [60], According to another line of thought,[61] Hamilcars army marched in three separate columns, with the war elephants placed nearest the rebel army. As the cavalry and then the elephants came closer to the infantry Hamilcar ordered each in turn to also wheel about to face the rebels. He was appointed commander in chief in Sicily in 247 B.C., when, after 18 years of fighting, the Carthaginian forces were at their lowest. All the black African looking coins have been carbon dated around the time that Hannibal was alive, but the Semitic looking coins are dated roughly a century or more after Hannibals death. He replaced Carthalo, who had not been altogether unsuccessful, as the commander of the Carthaginian fleet. When the Mercenary War burst out in 239BC, Hamilcar was recalled to command and was instrumental in concluding that conflict successfully. Hamilcar probably fought an inconclusive battle at Drepanum,[22] but there is cause to doubt this.[24]. [117], In eight years, Hamilcar had secured an extensive territory in Hispania by force of arms and diplomacy, but his premature death in battle (228 BC) denied Carthage a complete conquest. The end finally came on 10th March 241 BCE when the Romans defeated a Carthaginian fleet led by Hanno sent to relieve the besieged city of Drepana off the Aegates Islands (Isole Egadi). The Carthaginians destroyed the rebel army, after which the Libyan towns submitted to Carthage. World History Encyclopedia. After Carthage's defeat by . When Utica and Hippo Acra held out, Hanno and Hamilcar besieged them, eventually receiving their surrender on terms. His third daughter married the Berber ally Naravas,[120] a Numidian chieftain whose defection had saved Hamilcar and his army during the mercenary war. Without a significant fleet and having lost their strategically important fortresses in Sicily, Corsica and Sardinia, the Carthaginians, though, had to look elsewhere for a source of money to fund their armies. Hamilcar had at least three daughters and at least three sons. The success of Hamilcar and his family in Spain, which rebuilt Carthaginian finances and created a standing army, giving Carthage the means to resist Rome. Hamilcar had split his forces in the winter of 228 BC, Hasdrubal the Fair was sent on a separate campaign, while Hamilcar besieged an Iberian town, then sent the bulk of his troops to winter quarters at Akra Leuke. America's Black dilemma He kept his army intact and led a successful guerrilla war against the Romans in Sicily. For at a time when some say Hannibal was black and others that he was white, De Sousa tells us (and other ancient Iberian historians agree) that Hamilcar Barca had taken a Lusitanian woman as bride and had children by her. Over the years I've covered thousands of miles and worn holes in even the best walking boots, putting one foot in front of the other to write walking features for this paper. Hamilcar defeated the confederates, killed the leaders and several of their soldiers, while he released a number of prisoners and incorporated 3,000 of the enemy into his army. Roman forces led by the consuls Marcus Otacilius Crassus and Marcaus Fabius Licinus achieved little against Hamilcar in 246 BC, and the consuls of 245 BC, Marcus Fabius Bueto and Atilius Bulbus, fared no better. Certainly, tribute in money, if not men, was extracted from local cities and new silver mines were worked. The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. Hamilcar Barca (c. 285 - c. 228 av. The Iberians had support from Celtiberian tribes and were under the command of two chieftains, Istolatios and his brother. [29] Hamilcar continued his activities unhindered from his position for another two years, being supplied by road from Drepana,[32] although Carthaginian ships had been withdrawn from Sicily by this time and no naval raids were launched. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Valens reckless failure in diplomacy and battle with the goths sent the Western Roman empire down the path to hell. As Carthage no longer had the resources for a large army, he could not face the enemy in an all-out battle, but he did manage to capture Eryx in 244 BCE, which became his new base. In 219 B.C., Hannibal led a . World History Publishing is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. d. 229 or 228 BC, Carthaginian general. Massalia had become friendly with Rome over the years, if not an outright ally by 237 BC, and this connection would become a significant factor in the power politics of the region. Hamilcar's army was saved by pure luck a Numidian chieftain, Naravas, who would later marry Hamilcar's third daughter, defected with 2,000 horsemen. The difference was that Fabius commanded a numerically superior army to his opponent, had no supply problems, and had room to manoeuvre, while Hamilcar was mostly static, had a far smaller army than the Romans and was dependent on seaborne supplies from Carthage. From mountain bases near Palermo he made repeated raids on the Romans and relieved the Punic garrison in Lilybaeum. [106] Hamilcar now had the means to pay for his mercenary army and also to ship silver ore to Carthage to help pay off the war indemnity. Early life Hannibal Barca was probably a black Carthaginian military commander; he became famous for his crossing of the Alps, his strategic brilliance before taking on major campaigns, his tactical genius on the battlefield, and his operational prowess during combat. vol. Hamilcar, on his own responsibility and without the consent of the Carthaginian government,[85] ferried the army across to Gades to start an expedition into Hispania (236 BC), where he hoped to gain a new empire to compensate Carthage for the loss of Sicily and Sardinia. He was also father-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair.The name Hamilcar (Punic-Phoenician mlqrt, "brother of Melqart") was a common name for Carthaginian men. He held command (247-41) during the first Punic War and established Carthaginian influence in Spain (237-?228) Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (ca. Rome suspected Carthage of aiding the natives, and had sent embassies to Carthage in 236, 235, 233 and 230 BC to accuse and threaten the Punic state. was a great Carthaginian general and statesman in the First Punic War who firmly established Carthaginian rule in Spain. Hamilcar Barca (c. 285 c. 228 BCE) was a Carthaginian general active in the First Punic War (264-241 BCE). He kept his army intact and led a successful guerrilla war against the Romans in Sicily. Please support World History Encyclopedia. These were taken to Tunis, the rebel capital, and crucified in full sight of Mathos' army. Corrections? Hannibal, (born 247 bce, North Africadied c. 183-181 bce, Libyssa, Bithynia [near Gebze, Turkey]), Carthaginian general, one of the great military leaders of antiquity, who commanded the Carthaginian forces against Rome in the Second Punic War (218-201 bce) and who continued to oppose Rome and its satellites until his death. [62] Hamilcar occupied the bridge, then established control over the surrounding region. Hamilcar had indeed got his wish that the Barcid line would be no friend of Rome. World History Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Hamilcar Barca was a daring, intelligent young man. Hamilcar's faction gained enough clout, if not supreme power in Carthage, for Hamilcar to implement his next agenda. Hamilcar, captured during the wars, spent on distribution to his soldiers and sent to Carthage to buy the favor of the people and part of the aristocracy and make the idea of conquering Spain more popular. World History Encyclopedia, 01 Jun 2016. Hamilcar was a common Punic name; in fact, another general of the same name preceded him in command. By the winter of 238 BC, the Mercenary revolt was over. Home Team History on Should Black Me. Finally, when the Carthaginian Senate was unable to decide between Hamilcar and Hanno, the people's assembly left it to the army to decide on their Commander in Chief, and Hamilcar Barca was elected to sole command. Using a blend of terror and diplomacy Hamilcar relentlessly expanded his control over southern Spain. #1. The daylight outside was beginning to strike on the folding shutters of black lattice-work. It is cognate with the Arabic name Barq, Maltese word Berqa, the Assyrian Neo-Aramaic name Barkho, and the Hebrew name Barak and equivalent to the Greek Keraunos, which was borne by many commanders contemporary with Hamilcar and his son Hannibal.[3]. Hanno "The Great"[14] was in charge of operations in Africa since 248 BC and had conquered considerable territory by 241 BC. If he had lived in the United . Hamilcar Barca (c. 275-228 BC), the great Carthaginian general and father of the famous Hannibal and his brothers Hasdrubal and Mago, was from North Africa, perhaps born in Cyrene in Libya, according to some scholars. Furthermore, Hamilcar had invited Hanno the Great to join forces and try to end the rebellion as quickly as possible, but the generals failed to cooperate. In the process, Hamilcar created a professional army of Iberians, Africans, Numidians and other mercenaries that Hasdrubal the Fair would inherit and Hannibal would later lead across the Alps to immortality. Hanno the Great was aligned with them and they espoused peaceful relations with Rome, even at the cost of abandoning overseas territories. Once more Hamilcar was asked to clear the mess. ; mortuus anno 228 a.C.n. Hamilcar exited the valley and, after a hard-fought battle, defeated the army of Spendius. Hamirukaru Barukasu) (also: Hamical Balcus, Hamilcar Valkus) known as Barcas 'The Elder' (, Barukasu ), he is one of the main antagonists of Guyver: Bioboosted Armour and the co-founder of Chronos, the third eldest member of theCouncil of Twelve, as well as Chronos's most brilliant scientist. Autaritus announced that he would do the same with all Punic prisoners that fell into rebel hands in future. The Book of War; Dwight Jon Zimmerman; 2008. Hamilcar Barca Kordas (Public Domain) Hamilcar Barca (c. 285 - c. 228 BCE) was a Carthaginian general active in the First Punic War (264-241 BCE). Furthermore, Hamilcar allied with Hasdrubal the Fair,[80] his future son in law, to restrict the power of the aristocracy, which was led by Hanno the Great,[81] as well as gain immunity from prosecution. Hamilcar's other two sons were Hasdrubal Barca and Hasdrubal Gisco, both of whom commanded during the Second Punic War. Carthage at this time was feeling the strain of the prolonged conflict. He makes his first appearance when the series' events shift to Relic's Point, overseeing the research and . One historian commented that had he not been the father of Hannibal, Hamilcar's Sicilian front might have received scant notice. As a primarily mounted general in Evony, Hamilcar Barca has mounted buffs of 20% in total when all specialties are maxed out. [8] The Romans had occupied most of Sicily by 249 BC and they besieged the last two Carthaginian strongholds in the extreme west. He was the father of Hannibal Barca who continued his father's tactics and won major land battles in Italy during the Second Punic War. By winter of 240 BC, the situation had improved for Carthage. Hannibal Barca was probably a black Carthaginian military commander; he became famous for his crossing of the Alps, his strategic brilliance before taking on major campaigns, his tactical genius on the battlefield, and his operational prowess during combat. 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